Volcano, West Virginia

Volcano is situated in the western part of West Virginia, along the Little Kanawha River, a tributary of the Ohio River. The community lies approximately 10 miles east of Parkersburg, the county seat of Wood County. The area is characterized by rolling hills and river valleys typical of the Appalachian Plateau. The nearest incorporated town is Mineral Wells, about 5 miles to the west. The community is accessible via County Route 14, which follows the river valley.

The name "Volcano" is believed to have originated in the mid-19th century. One theory suggests it was named after a local iron furnace that burned so hot it resembled a volcano. Another theory posits that the name is a corruption of "Volcano," the surname of an early settler, though no definitive evidence supports this. The community was likely established as a river port for shipping timber and agricultural products. By the late 1800s, Volcano had a post office, which operated until the mid-20th century.¹

Historically, Volcano's economy relied on the river for transportation and on the surrounding forests for timber. The area also supported small-scale farming. In the 20th century, the community declined as railroads and highways shifted commerce away from river transport. Today, Volcano is primarily residential, with some light agriculture and proximity to the Parkersburg metropolitan area providing employment opportunities.²

One of the few landmarks in Volcano is the Volcano United Methodist Church, which has served the community for over a century. The church is a focal point for local gatherings. The Little Kanawha River offers recreational opportunities such as fishing and kayaking. The area is also known for its scenic beauty, particularly in autumn when the foliage changes color.

Despite its name, Volcano has no volcanic geology; the nearest volcanic activity is hundreds of miles away. The name has occasionally caused confusion for map readers. In the 19th century, the community was sometimes referred to as "Volcano Furnace" due to the iron furnace. The furnace, which operated in the 1850s, was one of many in the region that used local iron ore and timber for charcoal. The exact location of the furnace is no longer marked, but its legacy persists in the community's name. Additionally, Volcano was once a stop on the Little Kanawha River steamboat route, and remnants of a river landing can still be discerned.

Unincorporated community

A populated area that is not part of a municipality; it is governed by the county and lacks its own local government.

Little Kanawha River

A river in West Virginia, approximately 169 miles long, flowing into the Ohio River at Parkersburg.

Iron furnace

A structure used to smelt iron ore, often fueled by charcoal, common in the 19th century in the Appalachian region.